Anglo Saxon Kingdoms: Art, Word, War

Anglo Saxon secular buildings in Britain were generally simple, constructed mainly using timber with thatch for roofing. This book is included in the following book series. The designs found on Anglo Saxon artefacts is never mere ornament: in a society which used visual and verbal signals to demonstrate power, authority, status and ethnicity, no visual statement was ever empty of meaning. She skillfully recounts the influence of courts, churches, and conquests, and concludes with a reflection of Anglo Saxon art’s place in modern culture from the Celtic Revival to the politics of the antiquities trade. The production of book covers became an art form in itself. The Palatine Chapel was completed in 804 A. These metal works were mostly of the style correlating to the Germans and were placed on the burials. In 1997, the embroidery artist Jan Messent completed a reconstruction showing William accepting the surrender of English nobles at Berkhamsted Beorcham, Hertfordshire, and his coronation. Discovered in 1693 by a laborer digging peat in North Petherton, England, and now in the Ashmolean Museum, the Alfred Jewel has long been recognized as one of the most important pieces of metalwork to survive from the Anglo Saxon period. The Great Beast may be shown with other Great Beasts, with multiple snakes, or with monsters we cannot always identify. 00 Paperback EditionISBN: 978 0 9837537 0 4. Every othercell is decorated with blue and white glass. From its first manifestations in the metalwork and ceramics of the early settlers, Anglo Saxon art displays certain inbuilt and highly distinctive stylistic and iconographic features. 09 Original Price EUR 130. Byzantine silks were available, though certainly expensive, in Anglo Saxon England, and a number of pieces have been found used in burials and reliquaries. London, British Museum photo. Edward’s mother, Emma of Normandy, was William’s great aunt. They developed cities, utilized chariots, and had a comprehensive trading system. The Art of the Anglo Saxon Goldsmith. Sorry, we just need to make sure you’re not a robot. The totality of the hoard contained over 11 pounds 5 kilograms of gold, 3 pounds 1. Only a few pieces have survived, including three pieces at Durham placed in the coffin of St Cuthbert, probably in the 930s, after being given by King Athelstan; they were made in Winchester between 909 and 916. The second “solution” is of a bird or dragon flying upwards.

Silver coin Anglo Saxon, Kings of East Anglia Æthelstan I

The Roman army left 200 years ago and the empire has ended. This later style has more fluid and graceful animals, but these still writhe and interlace together and require patient untangling. Objects from Sutton Hoo and the Staffordshire Hoard came from as far afield as Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Greece, Turkey and Syria, suggesting a big trade network. The oral tradition of a culture comprises myths, poetry and folk tales that have been passed on by word of mouth. The exhibition ran at the British Library from October 2018 February 2019. See Dodwell for a more detaileddiscussion. ” It measures about seven centimeters long and is of fine craftsmanship. This combination could link the purse lid and the fine shoulder clasps, which were also found in the ship burial, to the workshop of a single master craftsman. 1060s Lady Godiva Naked Attended By Two Painting. The Anglo Saxons were involved in several conflicts throughout their history, including battles against the Vikings and the Norman Conquest in 1066. Registered customers can also track orders in the ‘My Account’ area. This window is actually a composite; the upper part, showing the Virgin and child surrounded by adoring angels, dates from around 1180 and was probably positioned at the center of the apse in the earlier building. It is not known for certain where the Common Stock was compiled, not least because the archetype is lost, but it is agreed to have been in Wessex. Learn how to subscribe by visiting their website. Decoration included cloisonné “cell work” in gold and garnet for high status pieces. Interior has prior owner name on front free endpaper and the endpapers front and back have some foxing. During this period there is some archaeological evidence of both competition and pagan revival. La Tène was especially prominent in northern France and western Germany, but over the next three centuries, the style spread as far as Ireland, Italy, and modern Hungary. The most intriguing fragments are firstly a group, now at Canterbury Cathedral, from St Mary’s Church, Reculver, in Kent, from a large composition with many figure scenes and groups on a curved surface, evidently of high quality, though uncertain date perhaps early 10th century. London: John Murray, 1903–1937. The earliest surviving substantive illuminated manuscripts are from the period 400 to 600 CE and were initially produced in Italy and the Eastern Roman Empire. After the long and savage Wars of the Roses much of the old aristocracy lay dead having destroyed itself through its own mighty ambition and unrelenting aggression. She has a Master’s degree in Contemporary Art history from the Institute of Fine Arts NYU and has taught Introduction to Modern Art as a Graduate Teaching Fellow at Lehman College since 2010. 11am 3pm 406 363 5220. Unfortunately I have seen books full of the others, all described by authors who should know better as “Celtic” art. The Nordic roots exposed. Beowulf and theburial site at Sutton Hoo provide insight into a fascinating culture whichloved treasure and tradition. With the arrival of Christianity, Celtic art was influenced by both Mediterranean and Germanic traditions, primarily through Irish contact with Anglo Saxons, which resulted in the Insular style.

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The forces were deployed either side of the river and the Anglo Saxon chronicle tells us that a single Norse warrior with a battle axe held back the entire English force on the bridge itself. For example, intertwined animal motifs were believed to represent the balance of power between the individual wearer and their societal role. For instance, round disk brooches were preferred for the grandest Anglo Saxon pieces, over continental styles of fibulae and Romano British penannular brooches. This theme is most evident on the front panel, where the cup Weland offers to Beadohild has been made out of the skull of her dead brother. The Book of Kells’s decoration combines traditional Christian iconography with the ornate swirling motifs typical of Insular art. In this article, we will explore how to successfully plan an engaging and informative unit on the Anglo Saxons. The earliest is a book of c. By the Normans who tried to oppress English art and language for some 400 years after 1066 AD. Some are easy to follow – others are more modes of art impenetrable. The royal imperative of the inscription presumably also extended to the recipient: “Alfred orders me to read. Beowulf, God, and Wiglaf. It was common Romanesque pilgrims to by horse and stay in inns. The important artistic centres, in so far as these can be established, were concentrated in the extremities of England, in Northumbria, especially in the early period, and Wessex and Kent near the south coast. 18, Luxuria tempting young men to desert the battlefield for a life of debauchery 320 x 240 mm33. At Cologne, Eastern painted books must also have been available as models, since the wonderfully fluid painterly compositions of the early works of the school appear to have been inspired by contemporary Byzantine painting as in the Gospels of Abbess Hitda of Meschede, early 11th century. Another is the Visigoth polychrome votive crown pictured of Lesseswins, King of Toledo, found in a 19th century votive crown treasury. Boniface evangelizes among the Frisians and Saxons, closely related language speakers to Old English speakers, he notes how easily they are able to understand him. Charlemagne’s admiration for the Mediterranean culture manifested itself in his patronage of arts and learning. It remains uncertain whether some of the most notable objects found from the La Tène period were made in Ireland or elsewhere as far away as Egypt in some cases. The finished work was published in 1990 as a two volume set containing a complete facsimile and scholarly commentary. Click here to view the complete 6 lesson Viking Art pack. Anglo Saxons A Brief Introduction.

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The works of the medieval period remain a rich area of study for scholars interested in diverse interdisciplinary topics such as economic history, political and religious studies and the status of women in medieval society. Take for example Beowulf and Wiglaf’s killing ofthe dragon: “And Beowulf drew/His battle sharp dagger: the blood stained old king/Stillknew what he was doing. King Alfred the Great wrote a wisdom poem over the course of his reign based loosely on the neo platonic philosophy of Boethius called the Lays of Boethius. These features were carried over into the Ottonian and modern French lighting and metalwork, and the Romanesque era saw the further removal of classical constraints, particularly manuscripts and capitals. The most famous finds are the helmet and matching suite of purse lid, belt and other fittings of the king buried there, which made clear the source in Anglo Saxon art, previously much disputed, of many elements of the style of Insular manuscripts. Create your free account. Well, years later when Beowulf himself was king, a huge dragon was guarding treasure. Kim and Asa Mittman have argued that Anglo Saxon audiences would have likely considered the wonders described in the texts as truly existing and point out that, “the very status of the Wonders as wonders implies at once the stretching of possibility, and an insistence on the viability of the same possibility, at once the incredibility and the truth of the narrative” 1, leading to the conclusion that “the Anglo Saxon readers and viewers of these texts probably considered them true” 2. A discussion of the role of the collection of Sir Robert Cotton in preserving a substantial number of Anglo Saxon illuminated manuscripts does not mention the Ashburnham House fire, in which so many exempla were lost or severely damaged. As far back as the 5th century AD it is thought that many of the Anglo Saxon Kings and their bands of warriors who were to lay the very foundation stones of what is now the English nation, were heavily tattooed. From Christian mythology, the Adoration of the Magi is depicted on the other half of the casket’s front panel. The new style was based on the classical naturalism of Carolingian art, but it was highly individual and unusually vivacious, characterized especially by a nervous, highly expressive line. Today the original Oldest house still stands alongside seven other reconstructed buildings including a farmer’s house, craft building, hall, workshop and weaving house. The memories of the slaughter have remained with him all his life. In the north we see Scandinavian animal ornament and mythology grafted onto native Anglo Saxon monuments like the crosses and grave slabs of York minster, Leeds, and Gosforth Cumbria. The influence of Roman art and culture can be seen in the use of classical motifs and the adoption of the Romanesque style in later Anglo Saxon architecture. Notre Dame Cathedral prior to the fire in 2019.

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The artwork produced during this era, often used for objects of worship or as grave goods, continues to inspire awe and appreciation today for its brilliance and detail. London, British Museum photo. A d vertisement b y GlitterbeardsCrafts Advertisement from shop GlitterbeardsCrafts GlitterbeardsCrafts From shop GlitterbeardsCrafts. The prejudice against anthropomorphism as a simplistic and childish habit to be avoided is well known if misguided, but this is not a purely modern bias. The ideas for the structural characteristics were taken from ancient Rome, which is why the art period is called “Romanesque” today. Christianity in Britain tends to be associated with the arrival of St Augustine in 597, but it had in fact already taken root in Roman Britain. At the first join start of scene 14 the borders do not line up properly but the technique was improved so that the later joins are practically invisible. “, Revue Bénédictine, 1958, p. Take a look below at these Anglo Saxon treasures. Many crosses must have just fallen over after some centuries; headpieces are the least common survivals, and the Easby Cross was repaired with lead in a way described in early documents. These are works “of breathtaking brilliance and quality”, according to Wilson, including figures of saints, and important early examples of the Winchester style, though the origin of their style is a puzzle; they are closest to the wall painting fragment from Winchester mentioned above, and an early example of acanthus decoration. Moving to the left side panel Figure 3, we see four soldiers who have discovered a wolf suckling two boys, whom the inscription identifies as Romulus and Remus. Anglo Saxons used precious metals such as gold and silver in creating different products of metal such as shoulder clasps, brooches, belt buckles and helmets. The thievish guest was nota whit wiser—he who devoured those words. However, other sources, such as Eadmer dispute this claim. Hiberno Saxon — /huy berr noh sak seuhn/, adj. The course was in Cromarty a little north of Inverness so this was a rather long journey – worth it though. Around 500 BCE, the La Tène style appeared rather suddenly, coinciding with some kind of societal upheaval that involved a shift of the major centers to the northwest. The clasps have a red background, with gold contours outlining shapesand holding the glass and stone in place. Find the full guide on Primary Weaving here. Reliquary Cross Anglo Saxon Art. Anglo Saxon illustration included many lively pen drawings, on which the Carolingian Utrecht Psalter, in Canterbury from about 1000, was highly influential; the Harley Psalter is a copy of it. Mozarabic art features a combination of Hispano Visigothic and Islamic art styles, as in the Beatus manuscripts, which combine Insular art illumination forms with Arabic influenced geometric designs. The advancements made during that time were able to influence to the 800 years of art that lead up to present day, and still remain visually and architecturally beautiful. Famous illuminated manuscripts, the best of the sculptured stone crosses, and many splendid pieces early metalwork are examined in this extensively illustrated survey. It’s possible it was a mistake not noticed until too late. The Anglo Saxon Renaissance 7. 700, and the Lichfield Gospels 730.

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Copies can be made of this pattern, making it the basis for universal themes. The significance of these works lies not only in their inherent art historical value but also in the maintenance of literacy offered by non illuminated texts as well. It is a fascinating area of history that kids love to learn about. • For an explanation of terms, see: Art Glossary. Characterized by the fragmentation of traditional perspective and the use of geometric shapes, Cubism challenged precedent artistic techniques and introduced a new type of representation. You can test it out with a friend or grown up and see if they guess correct. Dating is usually difficult. Several notable historic sites such as Ajanta, Badami, Mahadeva, Konark, and Ellora preserve excellent examples of the highly decorative architecture ad wall paintings in this period. These are all, ultimately, mineral elements, derived from the earth, but it is doubtful that any of these materials came out of English soil. Mary did not only act as a container for Christ: she also provided him with his human flesh and bones, and sustained him through her milk. They would make symbols like dragons and Thor’s hammer. Again and again, things brag of intoxicating, wounding, or enlightening people they encounter, but at the same time they are clearly subject to human whim. The main yarn colours are terracotta or russet, blue green, dull gold, olive green, and blue, with small amounts of dark blue or black and sage green. Appropriating Victoria: Intercultural Transformations of a Visual Motif. Hereward informs his uncle the Prior that he is about to be outlawed Painting. This led to a unique blend of pagan and Christian art expressions. However Anglo Saxon society was massively disrupted in the 9th century, especially the later half, by the Viking invasions, and the number of significant objects surviving falls considerably, and their dating becomes even vaguer than of those from a century before. Though the “Dream of the Rood” presents itself as visionary poetry, it is, at its core, an evangelical text. 635 as an offshoot of the Irish monastery on Iona, and Monkwearmouth Jarrow Abbey 674 which looked to the continent. The cultural effervescence that you refer to really begins in Northumbria in the seventh century CE. Ancient historians, Gildas and Patrick, wrote that the people of what is now Britain were literate, thriving, and even well to do enough to be self indulgent. The Anglo Saxons art activities like metal works and jewellery right from Sutton Hoo along with a series of the ancient manuscripts which were illuminated were the ones responsible for the most outstanding achievements. These structures were constructed in a style characterized by Romanesque rounded arches particularly over windows and doorways and massive proportions compared to other regional variations of the style. These are not the only ones amongst the works of the Anglo Saxons in terms of art and architecture. Stephen’s Hall, Painted Bettween 1925 27 Painting.

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1066, and at the end of the previous century Saint Dunstan had been a very successful Archbishop of Canterbury. Only the figures and decoration are embroidered, on a background left plain, which shows the subject very clearly and was necessary to cover very large areas. Physical description; 560 pages. This suggests that an important man and his family lived here. This can be seen in objects such as the Alfred Jewel, which bears an inscription referring to Alfred the Great as a pious Christian. Edited by Donald Scragg. The richness and beauty of the object, as well as its findspot, has led most scholars to assume that the Alfred named in the inscription is Alfred the Great, King of Wessex from 871 to 899. Then the Angles and the Saxons. Here are some resources to get you started on facilitating this Beowulf project. It took the conservator a year of painstaking study and experimentation with more than 500 fragments. A massive brooding presence, semi abstract yet still recognisably human, Henry Moore is regarded as the most significant sculptor of the 20th century. Golden Glow Shack Digital Art. Next in the Cambridge Animal Alphabet: E is for an animal that takes pride of place among the medieval manuscripts in the Parker Library, and is the subject of vital conservation research in Thailand’s ‘Golden Triangle’. These animal motifs were used to symbolize power and strength, and were often associated with royalty. A d vertisement b y HBArtSK Advertisement from shop HBArtSK HBArtSK From shop HBArtSK. I assigned much of this book as part of the readings for an undergraduate seminar on Insular art in Fall 2013. Reverse of a coin, from Eastern England silver see 185817 for obverseBIR185806 Reverse of a coin, from Eastern England silver see 185817 for obverse by Celtic, 1st century BC; Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery. The metalworkers of the Anglo Saxon period were known for their exceptional skill in working with precious metals. The badge of FC Porto incorporates the old Porto municipal coat of arms with the dragon crest; this is why the dragon was adopted as the animal mascot of the club. 616–28, as the belt buckle was found together with royal regalia. The presence of such motifssuggests far ranging influences from across Europe and throughout Asia. The characteristics of Hiberno Saxon art, however, remained basically those of pagan art: concern for geometric design rather than naturalistic representation, love of flat areas of colour, and the use of complicated interlace patterns. There is some evidence that the group first incorporated as early as 1515, but those records were lost. Can you work out the answer to this one. Access to all key stages for multiple users. I Am The Mystical Enigma Mixed Media. Grendel returned whenever he felt like it, day or night.

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Adapted from “Boundless Art History” License: CC BY SA: Attribution ShareAlike. Imagining Anglo Saxon England. Miniatures added in England to the continental Aethelstan Psalter begin to show Anglo Saxon liveliness in figure drawing in compositions derived from Carolingian and Byzantine models, and over the following decades the distinctive Winchester style with agitated draperies and elaborate acanthus borders develops. If you can afford to spend more on a higher quality paper, then Photo Rag is our clear recommendation for a fine art paper print. Damian Fleming, “Hebraeam scire linguam: Bede’s Rhetoric of the Hebrew Truth”. This is not British artwork, or Celtic artwork, but early English artwork that has been used by our people to decorate themselves, their jewelry, their clothing, their weapons and their armour for well over 1000 years. Anglo Saxon men enjoyed sporting pastimes, like wrestling, weight lifting using heavy rocks and horse racing. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. 635 as an offshoot of the Irish monastery on the island of Iona, and Monkvermouth Jarrow Abbey 674, which practiced continental Christianity. In these small but fully formed animals, of no recognisable species, contort themselves in foliage and tendrils that interlace, but without the emphatic geometry of the earlier “ribbon” style. For best results, please make sure your browser is accepting cookies. To his left and below him is a black figure of Satan. Objects made from trees and animals continue to speak of their previous lives, even after they are no more. St Mary the Virgin, South Wootton Painting. Read our Cookie Policy. Associated with the Benedictine reform movement which cautiously fused Carolingian and Ottonian motifs with long established insular forms. The back panel Figure 5 is subdivided into four sections but the inscription reveals that it shows a single event: the sack of Jerusalem by the Roman emperor Titus. Prospective Undergraduate Students. The book will indeed “be of interest to art historians, theologians and literary scholars,” as proclaims its dust jacket, but its claims to offer “a study of the theology of the Trinity as expressed in the literature and art of the late Anglo Saxon period,” do not wholly fix on, let alone cover, that target.

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It remains uncertain whether some of the most notable objects found from the La Tène period were made in Ireland or elsewhere as far away as Egypt in some cases. The Alternative Quoit Brooch: An Update’ in Southworth, E. When these stories were written down, monks wrote them down. A dreaming narrator sees a tree of gold: wound around with light and adorned with gems. Almost all of the many techniques known in metalwork can be found in Insular work. The first warrior swingsThrough dense threat, head strong,While the second follows, fierce and swift. The team coppiced ash and hazel to form the rafters, purlins and interweave in the roof and an entire cow carcass was soaked in the River Lark, then stripped and dried to create lashing to secure the wooden joints. This is one theory but our association with dragons may go back even further. AsI have mentioned, the precise date is not know, but Beowulf was probably written around 800 A. Under the Carolingian monarchy brought with it an attempt to emulate the scale and forms of classical antiquity; churches at Brixworth Northants, Wareham Dorset, and Cirencester Glos. The riddles insist that we only know things through metaphor, and they reveal that process by constructing metaphors that seem strange and arbitrary. Important artistic centers as far as it is fashionable to define were concentrated in different parts of England – in Northumbria, especially in the early period, and Wessex and Kent near the south coast. With this in mind, some have suggested that this object is one of the “æstels” mentioned by Alfred in the preface to his translation of Gregory the Great’s Cura pastoralis. Unlike the lower windows in the nave arcades and the ambulatory that consist of one simple lancet per bay, the clerestory windows are each made up of a pair of lancets with a plate traceried rose window above. Relatively little art survives from the rest of the century after 1066, or at least is confidently dated to that period. Tilghman • Lawrence University. These seem largely to have functioned as workshops alongside a second type of structure, the rectangular ‘hall’. The king and members of his family remained at the top of society, closely followed by the nobility, including the warrior elite, and the church. London, British Museum photo. On one page of this copy, you can see annotations in the hands of both Boniface, bishop of Mainz in the early eighth century, and Dunstan, archbishop of Canterbury in the late tenth century. The art of story telling existed before men knew how to read or write, when human languages were still unwritten languages. The Breves causae and Argumenta belong to a pre Vulgate tradition of manuscripts. SECURE PAYMENTSWe happily accept a wide range of payment options so you can pay for the things you need in the way that is most convenient for you. Drawings and Sketches. This article discussed the history, characteristics, and some examples of medieval art. The majority of the folios are part of larger sheets, called bifolios, which are folded in half to form two folios.

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Download these free clear, helpful Anglo Saxon Kingdoms KS2 Maps to use when teaching about this period of time in British history. Although fine craftsmanship is all up to you. He suddenly drops my wrist and a boot flies in the corner of my eye and ends in my ribs. Through these inscriptions, the stone monument presents itself as a participant in a crucial moment in history. George Hardin Brown is Professor of English at Stanford University and the author of Bede the Venerable and Bede the Educator. Anglo Saxon wooden plate with dragon and Futhorck 22×3 cm 8,66×1,18 inchHand carved wooden plate with hand burned Anglo saxon runes Futhork and nore dragon ornaments. For example, intertwined animal motifs were believed to represent the balance of power between the individual wearer and their societal role. “Immediately, this description conjures a proud picture of the Germanic past. Constable and Turner gave a depth and range to landscape painting that made it not only one of the most popular expressions of English art, but also one of its most important. Anglo Saxons loved tales about brave warriors and their adventures. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. 1 800 CHRISTIAN 1 800 247 4784Outside the United Statesand Canada Call: 978 977 5000. Early medieval illuminated manuscripts are the best examples of medieval painting, and indeed, for many areas and time periods, they are the only surviving examples of pre Renaissance painting. A metaphor in a letter of Alcuin speaks of “stars, like the painted ceiling of a great man’s house”. The feud of the foeman afar and anear,. A metaphor in a letter of Alcuin speaks of “stars, like the painted ceiling of a great man’s house”. It is no wonder that Anglo Saxon metalwork is considered some of the greatest art of the period. Spearhafoc and Mannig are the “only two goldsmiths of whom we have extended accounts”, and the additional information given about Godric, the leader of a team brought in by Mannig for the shrine, is also unique among the surviving evidence. These small, aggressive units could quickly combine into larger units so as to achieve those ends. The Anglo Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds.

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Due to the growing popularity of Christianity, funerary customs shift and there are fewer grave goods in the Ringerike style. The Anglo Saxons were great artists and they made beautiful jewellery, toys and even musical instruments. 76 Original Price EUR 5. However, Anglo Saxon society was massively disrupted in the 9th century, especially in the second half, by the Viking invasions, and the number of significant objects that have survived drops significantly, and their dating becomes even more obscure than those created a century earlier. The Anglo Saxon Cemetery at Finglesham, Kent, Oxford University School of Archaeology Monograph 64, Oxford, 2006. Baedae, Opera Historica, Ecclesiastic History of the English Nation, ed. On display in the Maudslay gallery, it was found in the Baram River District of Borneo by alumnus of Christ’s College and influential anthropologist, Dr Alfred Cort Haddon, during his fieldwork expedition to Malaysia and the Torres Strait Islands in 1898. It is the only remaining component of Charlemagne’s Palace of Aachen in current Germany. A bishop, presumably Ethelwold, stands in his cathedral in front of an altar prepared for a Mass, reciting a benediction from the very book in which the illustration occurs. Prices listed by independent sellers for anglo saxon warrior range from Under £20 to Over £100. Insular art is often characterized by detailed geometric designs, interlace, and stylized animal decorations in illuminated manuscripts. 6 cm in diameter, both England © Trustees of the British Museum. The approaches taken by the two authors are complementary, so it is well worth reading them in conjunction with each other.